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Espresso, Ristretto and Lungo terms explained

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A lungo is an extended espresso, using coarser coffee beans and twice the amount of water that is used to brew an espresso. A normal serving of espresso measures 25 to 60 milliliters, while a lungo might measure 130 to 170 milliliters. Free 2-day shipping. Buy Lungo 1-Light Mini Pendant in Satin Nickel with Espresso Glass at Walmart.com. Archeomatica (2016-11-01). A Sarzana nasce il MUdeF Un viaggio immersivo lungo la storia e l’evoluzione delle fortificazioni della Lunigiana.

For anyone unfamiliar with the terminology, while the definition of these can vary depending on where you are it is generally accepted that a lungo is a ‘stretched’ version of an espresso with twice the water. This is not to be confused with any coffee such as an Americano where water is added afterwards, however! All of the water in an espresso lungo is brewed and not added afterwards.

On the other end of the scale, a ristretto is typically a condensed version of an espresso using less water.

There’s no accepted definition of exactly how much makes a ristretto, espresso and a lungo. However, a rough ratio of what they should be like is as follows – 1:1 ristretto, 1:2 espresso and 1:4 lungo. So a lungo would brew approximately double the water of an espresso, and an espresso would brew with about twice the water of a ristretto.

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  A framework for developers who want to design, build and share cross device applications.
  Filed under mobile and touch

  A HTML5 framework for developers who want to design, build and share cross device applications.

  • HTML5 Optimized Apps: Supports open web standards, such as HTML5, CSS3 and JavaScript. It brings a consistent browser environment across mobiles, TVs and desktop devices.

  • Open Source Project: Each new line of code in Lungo is welcome, we hope that Developers and restless minds will help us to improve day by day this humble project.

  • Powerful JavaScript API: here are many ways to develop apps, not all of them are optimized. Lungo offers you a robust API so you can have complete control of everything that happens in your App.

  • Cross-Device full support: It's known that creating apps for each platform is expensive, this situation is increased by the arrival of tablets and SmartTVs. Lungo will suit all of them creating a unique and amazing UX.

  Current version: 2.2.0

  Getting Started

  The idea of Lungo arose in year 2010 when the craftman Javi Jiménez Villar (soyjavi) saw that hot existing Mobile Frameworks at that time were not powerful and not using the features of HTML5.

  Community

  If this documentation is not enough for you, you can subscribe to the Lungo open community to share your experiences and knowledge. You can do it in English or Spanish, you decide.

  GitHub

  This is opensource, so feel free to fork this project to help us create a better framework. All source code is developed with CoffeeScript and Stylus, but don't worry we worship clean-code so you can quickly get to make your own modifications in it.

  Licensing

  Lungo is licensed under GPLv3 licensed and a Commercial License for OEM uses. See LICENSE for more information.

  Help us on being better

  Please, don't have any doubt in contacting us if you think you can do a better API. If you think that we have to support a new feature or if you have found a bug, use GitHub issues. Make a fork of this documentation and send us your pull requests with your improvements.

  To talk with us or with other developers about the Lungo API, suscribe to our mailing list.

  The main premise is to create a semantic structure in the whole project, starting from the markup language HTML, through a well organized CSS and ending with the JavaScript API. Lungo offers a great facility when prototyping applications, and will not be needed to enter any lines of code (JavaScript) to visualize how our application will behave. In this doc we will learn which are Lungo semantic elements as relate to each and how you can create applications with HTML only. It's really exciting! let's begin.

  Structure

  Here you have the dependencies of your Lungo application's body. It must contain at least:

  <section> it's the main container of your UI Components in your App and <article> it must be placed inside your section and must have…. Each section and article must contain an unique ID.

  The JavaScript function that initializes Lungo it's:

  Load Sync resources on init

  To make easier to create and modify your app you can create the sections in separate html files and load the synchonously, making your main file smaller and having your code organized better.

  Load async resources by link

  There is other way to load resources asynchronously, just add to the <a> tag element the attribute attribute set.

  Header

  Each <section> can contain a <header> where the tittle of the section will be shown. Optionally you can add navigation buttons, to go to another section, go back to a previous one, go to another article or just open the aside menu.

  Each <section> can contain a <footer>. There you can add buttons to navigate through articles, sections and even asides.

  Aside

  The <aside> element gives us a lateral area which will appear depending on the device (tablet) or hidden (mobile). Its structure is very similar to the section one's. We can create a link that references a <aside> with a particular id using the navigation system of Lungo. We will use the attribute to tell the system which <section>, <article> or <aside> you want to go to.

  Data-View attribute

  The data-view-* attribute is set in the <a> or <button> element to set the type of element we are going to navigate to (<section>, <article> or <aside>) and in the href attribute the hashbang plus the id of the element has to be set. Lungo uses this href to generate the bread crumbs.

  Data-back attribute

  As it has been said before, Lungo's navigation is based on the bread crumbs pattern, so navigation backwards between sections is done using the with href='#back'

  Nav

  To create simple structures of navigation buttons within a footer or header the nav element has to be used. In the header, the nav element's position will depend on the class applied to it. left to the left and right to the right.

  Groupbar

  Lungo gives you the capability to have a special menu at the top of your UI. To do this you have to extend the header element using and create inside of it a nav element with

  Menu

  Besides <nav> elements andgroupbar there is another way to make the user select new view in your application. Since Brownie (v2.2) implements menu Control and it is called with the attribute data-view-menu:

  In case you want to give it a priority to icons only have to apply the icons class.

  Bindings

  Title Binding

  To update the title of a section through the navigation, just use the attribute data-title in your navigation element.

  Element binding

  You can show nav elements when a particular article is visible withs API please go here.

  Example

  Subscribe to a tap event with a callback

  Triggers

  When sections or articles are switched an event is launched. The target section/article will launch an load event and the current section/article will launch the unload one. We can bind to this events using QuoJs.Example

  .Element

  .Carousel

  Lungo has a carousel element where content can be published and the user can navigate through it using the caroussel controls.

  Parameters

  Example

  Carousel.prev()

  Show the previous slide.Example

  Carousel.next()

  Show the next slide.Example

  Carousel.position()

  Returns the actual index.Example

  .count

  As it has been shown in the prototyping chapter, you can add a counter to elements using the data-count attribute. You can also add this counter using javascript.

  JavaScript method

  Set a counter to the element:

  Parameters

  Example

  HTML method

  You can define via HTML a default value for a count element.Example

  .loading

  As it has been shown in the prototyping chapter, you can create a loading animation using the data-loading attribute. You can also add this animation using javascript:

  Parameters

  This method returns an instance of the object founded.

  Example

  .progress

  As it has been shown in the prototyping chapter, you can create a progress bar using the data-progress attribute. You can also add this bar using javascript.

  Parameters

  Example

  .Pull

  As it has been shown in the prototyping chapter, you can create a pull and refresh element addind data-pull and some javascript code.

  Parameters

  Example

  ###.MenuManages visual behavior <data-control-menu>

  Show

  Displays the with a determinate Id

  Parameters

  Example

  Hide

  Hides the with a determinate Id

  Parameters

  Example

  Toggle

  Toggles the with a determinate Id

  Parameters

  Example

  .Notification

  To display notifications, many times people tend to use the javascript alert() function. The notification it shows looks different depending on the browser. Lungo has a notification system that shows pretty and responsive notifications styled in the same way in all the browsers, making your app look the same no matter the browser you use.

  show()

  Shows a customized notification.

  Parameters

  If you call to the show function without parameters it will show a loading screen

  Example

  hide()

  Hides the current notification.Example

  success()

  Shows success notification.

  Parameters

  Example

  error()

  Shows an error notification.

  Parameters

  Example

  confirm()

  Shows a confirmation notification.

  Parameters

  Example

  html()

  Creates a notification using your own html code.

  Parameters

  Example

  push()

  Creates a non-obstructive notification

  Parameters

  Example

  .Router

  Lungo.Router provides the user with the neccesary functions to manage the navigation through javascript. The following functions allow developers to work with the navigation through sections, articles and also asides.

  section()

  This function allows the navigation from a section to another one. It is done to navigate forward to a section, if you want to go back to a previous one you have to use the back function which will be explained later.

  Parameters

  Example

  article()

  Displays the <article> in a particular <section>.

  Parameters

  Example

  back()

  Lungo uses the bread crumb pattern, so to return to a previous section you have to use the Lungo.Router.back function.

  Example

  . aside

  The <aside> element has a different behavior to article and section since its display is combined with them. For that reason Lungo offers specific methods:

  show()

  Display an aside element

  Parameters

  Example

  hide()

  Hide current aside elementExample

  toggle()

  Toggle an aside element

  Parameters

  Example

  .Article

  Since version 2.2 (Brownie) Lungo has a new namespace to control <article> element.

  clean()

  Clean the content of a particular article with a specific markup

  Parameters

  Example

  .Service

  Lungo can also make ajax requests to web services.

  Settings

  Object containing the ajax configuration.

  Example

  get()

  Load data from the server using a HTTP GET request.

  Parameters

  Example

  post()

  Load data from the server using a HTTP POST request.

  Parameters

  Example

  json()

  Load data from the server using a HTTP GET request and mime-type JSON.

  Parameters

  Example

  cache()

  Auto-caching system with date pattern for HTTP GET requests.

  Parameters

  Example

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